Libyan Journal of Medical
Sciences & Technologies

Abstract This paper presents a hybrid energy management strategy (HEMS) for smart grids combining photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines, battery storage, and diesel backup, layering model predictive control, a rule-based decision layer, and a fuzzy logic coordinator. Tested over a full simulated year on a 100 kW pilot microgrid representative of Libya's arid climate, the strategy reached a 91.7% renewable utilization rate, cut annual operating costs by 37.5%, and reduced CO₂ emissions by 28.4 tons per year, while holding a grid reliability index of 99.1%.

Abstract This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of Libya's medical education system, comparing its current state against established international frameworks from the World Federation for Medical Education (WFME), the Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME), and European medical education guidelines. Drawing lessons from a successful reform in Kyrgyzstan, the study identifies critical gaps in curriculum design, resource allocation, faculty development, and accreditation, and proposes evidence-based, multi-faceted recommendations to build a robust and globally recognized medical education system for Libya.

Abstract Whey is discarded in large volumes every year as a by-product of cheesemaking despite its considerable nutritional value. This study replaced the water used in bread dough with whey at levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, evaluating the resulting loaves' physical properties (volume, weight, height, specific volume, and Pelshenke fermentation time) alongside the dough's rheological behavior via alveograph. Loaf volume and weight increased significantly with higher substitution levels, dough resistance and deformation energy improved markedly at full substitution, and correlation analysis confirmed strong relationships between key physical and rheological parameters — supporting whey as a viable partial or full water substitute in breadmaking.

Abstract This study evaluated preoperative serum TSH, Total Thyroxine (TT4), and Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) in 100 patients (66 malignant, 34 benign) referred for thyroidectomy at the Misurata Oncology Center, Libya. TT4 was significantly elevated and TSH significantly suppressed in malignant cases, while FT3 showed no difference between groups. A multivariable ROC model combining age, TT4, and TSH achieved excellent diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.94, 92.4% sensitivity, 88.2% specificity), supporting a robust, gender-neutral framework for preoperative risk stratification of thyroid cancer.

Abstract This paper presents a hardware-software co-design approach to implementing real-time digital filters on embedded microcontrollers, examining FIR, IIR, and adaptive LMS filtering architectures on an ARM Cortex-M4 (STM32F4) platform across ECG, audio, and industrial vibration signals. Optimized IIR filters achieved a 3.2x speed improvement over naive FIR implementations through strategic use of the hardware FPU and DMA, while the adaptive LMS filter removed 50 Hz power-line interference from ECG signals with a 28 dB average SNR improvement at only 11 mW of power — confirming that careful co-design of algorithms and hardware resources enables high-quality real-time filtering even on low-cost embedded platforms.

Abstract This comparative cross-sectional study compared sports nutrition knowledge between 100 male and 26 female recreational gym users in Al-Marj, Libya, using an Arabic-adapted Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire (NSKQ). Mean total knowledge was 57.2% among men versus 35.0% among women, with men scoring higher across every domain and micronutrients emerging as the weakest area overall; 68% of men reported supplement use, most commonly protein powder. Education level and access to qualified professional guidance were positive predictors of knowledge among men, supporting the case for culturally tailored, dietitian-led nutrition education within fitness settings in Libya.